To view the full copyrighted Abstract written in Warfield's own words please use this link.

Warfield included this paper as part of his 1986 GRAILS proposal, as an appendix. Techniques are introduced which are applicable to machine construction of digraph maps. 

A team of Japanese researchers, K. Sugiyama, S. Tagawa, and M. Toda, at Fujitsu, Ltd. in Tokyo, developed a superior algorithm for structuring, based on the work Warfield did in "Crossing Theory & Hierarchical Mapping" as is explained in the Japanese 1979 29-page Fujitsu Research Report titled  "Effective Representations of Hierarchical Structures, Research Report No.8." Two years later the Japanese authors published a CONDENSED VERSION OF THEIR OWN FUJITSU RESEARCH REPORT in a 1981 IEEE journal article  "Methods for Visual Understanding of Hierarchical System Structures.” 

Warfield discusses the Japanese researcher's work at length in his 1990 book, "A Science of Generic Design" and gives Sugiyama, Tagawa, & Toda full credit and a full bibliography reference for their improvement on his 1977 algorithm.

See also IASIS File 77/004, for a software package based on Warfield's paper, written by R. R. Cline, who was a student at University of Virginia in 1977. (This software does not work on modern PCs. Please download the Windows version available on this web site).